Which cells are responsible for the formation of new bone?

Osteoblasts are the cells specifically responsible for forming new bone. They play a critical role in the process of bone formation, known as ossification, by synthesizing and secreting the bone matrix, which includes collagen and other proteins necessary for bone structure. Once they complete this process, some osteoblasts become embedded in the matrix they produce and differentiate into osteocytes, which maintain bone tissue.

Understanding the role of osteoblasts is essential in the context of bone health, growth, and repair. They are crucial during periods of growth, such as childhood and adolescence, as well as during the healing process after fractures and other injuries. In contrast, while the other cell types listed all play important roles in the bone lifecycle, they do not directly contribute to the formation of new bone. Chondroclasts are involved in the breakdown of cartilage, osteocytes maintain bone tissue after it is formed, and osteoclasts are responsible for the resorption of bone, effectively breaking it down to help regulate calcium levels and reshape the skeleton.